Potentially Dangerous Dietary Supplements
Several dietary supplements have been identified as more likely to cause harm than others. The FDA, the National Center on Complementary and Alternative Medicine, the consumer protection and education magazine Consumer= Reports, and other organizations have published warnings for consumers. Review of the scientific literature and actual adverse event reports revealed that these supplements may cause organ damage, cancer, or other adverse effects; are currently the subject of an FDA warning; or pose significant theoretical risks.
| Dietary Supplement | Status | Effects |
| Androstenedione | banned in other countries, FDA has issued a warning, or adverse effects are shown in studies | may alter levels of sex hormones; may increase risk of some cancers; may affect growth in children and adolescents |
| Aristolochic acid | documented organ failure and known carcinogenic properties | may cause kidney disease and urothelial cancer |
| Bitter orange | adverse events reported or theoretical risks identified | may cause ventricular arrhythmias, increased heart rate, and cardiac arrest |
| Chaparral | banned in other counties, FDA has issued a warning, or adverse effects are shown in studies | may cause liver damage |
| Comfrey | banned in other counties, FDA has issued a warning, or adverse effects are shown in studies | may obstruct blood flow to the liver;
may increase risk of some cancers |
| Dieter’s teas | adverse events reported or theoretical risks identified | may cause excessive laxative effect and electrolyte imbalance |
| Ephedra | adverse events reported and removed from U.S. market | heart palpitations, seizure, heart attack, stroke, death |
| Germander | banned in other counties, FDA has issued a warning, or adverse effects are shown in studies | may cause liver damage |
| GHB, GBL, BD | FDA has issued a warning | may decrease breathing rate; may cause vomiting, seizures, coma, and death |
| Kava | banned in other counties, FDA has issued a warning, or adverse effects are shown in studies | may cause liver disease and liver failure |
| L-tryptophan | adverse events reported | may cause eosinophilia myalgia syndrome |
| Lobelia | adverse events reported or theoretical risks identified | may stimulate or depress the nervous system; may increase or decrease breathing rate |
| Niacin | adverse events reported or theoretical risks identified | may cause liver toxicity; may alter blood sugar and uric acid levels; may worsen stomach ulcers |
| Organ/glandular extracts | adverse events reported or theoretical risks identified | may be contaminated; may communicate animal diseases (mad cow disease) |
| PC SPES, SPES, and skullcap | FDA has issued a warning | may contain undeclared prescription drugs (warfarin and alprazolam) |
| Pennyroyal oil | adverse events reported or theoretical risks identified | may cause seizures |
| Yohimbe | adverse events reported or theoretical risks identified | may lower blood pressure; may cause kidney damage; may cause anxiety |
| Vitamin A | adverse events shown in studies | vitamin A toxicity (headache, fatigue, dizziness, blurry vision, bone pain, nausea and/or vomiting); may cause liver damage |
| Note: This table is not all-inclusive. Adverse effects are more likely to occur if an individual consumes a dietary supplement with known dangers or uses more than the recommended dose (as exposure to too much of any biologically active component may cause harm). | ||
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[...] adverse effects; are currently the subject of an FDA warning; or pose significant theoretical risks.Original Article at Planned DietDietary SupplementStatusEffectsAndrostenedionebanned in other countries, FDA has issued a warning, [...]
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